Cleanup of doc files.

Fixed xterm.py (and cleanup) to clean up screen sessions.
Cleaned up sshd.py (though interface is still in flux.)
Added 1024-node network example (treenet1024.py).
Added example showing multiple tests on a single network (multitest.py).
Renamed examples to make them easier to type!

INSTALL

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 Preliminary Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
+---
 
 - Mininet is not currently 'installed.' If you want to install it,
   so that you can 'import mininet', place it somewhere in your
@@ -17,7 +18,10 @@ Preliminary Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
   does; Ubuntu doesn't. If your kernel doesn't support it, you will need
   to build and install a kernel that does!
 
-- To run the iPerf test, you need to install iperf:
+- Mininet should probably be run either on a machine with
+  no other important processes, or on a virtual machine
+  
+- To run the iperf test, you need to install iperf:
 
     sudo aptitude/yum install iperf
 
@@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ Preliminary Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
   Consult the appropriate example file for details.
   
 - To switch to the most recent OpenFlow 0.8.9 release branch (the most
-  recent one with NOX support):
+  recent one with full NOX support):
 
   git checkout -b release/0.8.9 remotes/origin/release/0.8.9
 
@@ -41,11 +45,11 @@ Preliminary Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
     insmod /home/openflow/openflow/datapath/linux-2.6/ofdatapath.ko 
     modprobe tun
 
-- The default OpenFlow controller (controller(8)) only supports 16
+- The reference OpenFlow controller (controller(8)) only supports 16
-  switches! If you wish to run a network with more than 16 switches,
+  switches by default! If you wish to run a network with more than 16
-  please recompile controller(8) with larger limits, or use a different
+  switches, please recompile controller(8) with larger limits, or use a
-  controller such as nox. (At the moment, unfortunately, it's not
+  different controller such as nox. (At the moment, unfortunately, it's
-  easy to do so without modifying mininet.py. This will be improved
+  not easy to do so without modifying mininet.py. This will be improved
   upon, and an example provided, in the future.)
   
 - For scalable configurations, you might need to increase some of your
@@ -75,5 +79,6 @@ Preliminary Mininet Installation/Configuration Notes
     # Mininet: increase routing table size
     net.ipv4.route.max_size=32768
 
+---
 
 

README

@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@ creation of OpenFlow networks of varying sizes and topologies.
 In order to run Mininet, you must have:
 
 * A Linux 2.6.26 or greater kernel compiled with network namespace support
-  enabled. (Debian 5.0 or greater should work.)
+  enabled. (Debian 5.0 or greater should work)
 
 * The OpenFlow reference implementation (either the user or kernel
   datapath may be used, and the tun or ofdatapath kernel modules must be
   loaded, respectively)
 
-* Python, Bash, Ping, iPerf, etc.
+* Python, bash, ping, iperf, etc.
 
 * Root privileges (required for network device access)
 
 * The netns program (included as netns.c), or an equivalent program
-  of the same name, installed in an appropriate path location.
+  of the same name, installed in an appropriate path location
   
-* mininet.py installed in an appropriate Python path location.
+* mininet.py installed in an appropriate Python path location
 
 Currently mininet includes:
 
 - A simple node infrastructure (Host, Switch, Controller classes) for
-  creating virtual OpenFlow networks.
+  creating virtual OpenFlow networks
 	
 - A simple network infrastructure (class Network and its descendants
   TreeNet, GridNet and LinearNet) for creating scalable topologies and
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Currently mininet includes:
 
 - A 'cleanup' script to get rid of junk (interfaces, processes, etc.)
   which might be left around by mininet. Try this if things stop
-  working.
+  working!
   
 - Examples (in examples/ directory) to help you get started.
 

cleanup

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
+# Unfortunately, Mininet and OpenFlow don't always clean up
+# properly after themselves. Until they do (or until cleanup
+# functionality is integrated into the python code), this
+# script may be used to get rid of unwanted garbage. It may
+# also get rid of "false positives", but hopefully nothing
+# irreplaceable!
+
 echo "Removing all links of the pattern foo-ethX"
 
 for f in `ip link show | egrep -o '(\w+-eth\w+)' ` ; do  
@@ -14,7 +21,7 @@ killall -9 controller ofprotocol ofdatapath ping 2> /dev/null
 echo "Removing excess kernel datapath processes"
 ps ax | egrep -o 'dp[0-9]+' | sed 's/dp/nl:/' | xargs -l1 echo dpctl deldp 
 
-echo "Removing vconn junk in /tmp"
+echo "Removing junk in /tmp"
 rm -f /tmp/vconn* /tmp/vlogs* /tmp/*.out /tmp/*.log
 
 echo "Removing old screen sessions"

examples/linearbandwidth.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
 
 """
-Test bandwidth on linear networks of varying size, using both
+Test bandwidth (using iperf) on linear networks of varying size, 
-the kernel and user datapaths.
+using both kernel and user datapaths.
 
 Each network looks like:
 
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ h0 <-> s0 <-> s1 .. sN <-> h1
 Note: by default, the reference controller only supports 16
 switches, so this test WILL NOT WORK unless you have recompiled
 your controller to support a 100 switches (or more.)
-
 """
    
 from mininet import init, LinearNet, iperfTest
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ def linearBandwidthTest():
       print "*** Linear network results for", datapath, "datapath:"
       print
       result = results[ datapath ]  
-      print "SwitchCount\tiPerf results"
+      print "SwitchCount\tiperf Results"
       for switchCount, bandwidth in result:
          print switchCount, '\t\t', 
          print bandwidth[ 0 ], 'server, ', bandwidth[ 1 ], 'client'

examples/multitest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+"Run multiple tests on a network."
+   
+from mininet import init, TreeNet, pingTestVerbose, iperfTest, Cli
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+   init()
+   network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=2, kernel=True )
+   network.start()
+   network.runTest( pingTestVerbose )
+   network.runTest( iperfTest)
+   network.runTest( Cli )
+   network.stop()

examples/sshd.py

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
 
-"""Create a network and start sshd(8) on the hosts.
+"""
-   While something like rshd(8) would be lighter and faster,
+Create a network and start sshd(8) on the hosts.
-   (and perfectly adequate on an in-machine network)
-   the advantage of running sshd is that scripts can work
-   unchanged on mininet and hardware."""
 
+While something like rshd(8) would be lighter and faster,
+(and perfectly adequate on an in-machine network)
+the advantage of running sshd is that scripts can work
+unchanged on mininet and hardware.
+"""
+
+import sys ; readline = sys.stdin.readline
 from mininet import init, Node, createLink, TreeNet, Cli
 
 def nets( hosts ):
@@ -17,42 +21,35 @@ def nets( hosts ):
       nets[ net ] = True
    return nets.keys()
    
-def addRoutes( node, nets, intf ):
+def connectToRootNS( network, switch ):
-   "Add routes from node to nets through intf."
+   "Connect hosts to root namespace via switch. Starts network."
-   for net in nets:
+   # Create a node in root namespace and link to switch 0
-      node.cmdPrint( 'route add -net ' + net + ' dev ' + intf )
-
-def removeRoutes( node, nets ):
-   "Remove routes to nets from node."
-   for net in nets:
-      node.cmdPrint( 'route del -net ' + net )
-   
-def sshd( network ):
-   "Start sshd up on each host, routing appropriately."
-   controllers, switches, hosts = (
-      network.controllers, network.switches, network.hosts )
-   # Create a node in root ns and link to switch 0
    root = Node( 'root', inNamespace=False )
-   createLink( root, switches[ 0 ] )
+   createLink( root, switch )
    ip = '10.0.123.1'
    root.setIP( root.intfs[ 0 ], ip, '/24' )
+   # Start network that now includes link to root namespace
    network.start()
    # Add routes
-   routes = nets( hosts )
+   routes = nets( network.hosts )
-   addRoutes( root, routes, root.intfs[ 0 ] )
+   intf = root.intfs[ 0 ]
-   # Start up sshd on each host
+   for net in routes:
-   for host in hosts: host.cmdPrint( '/usr/sbin/sshd' )
+      root.cmdPrint( 'route add -net ' + net + ' dev ' + intf )
-   # Dump out IP addresses and run CLI
+
-   print
+def startServers( network, server ):
-   print "*** Hosts are running sshd at the following addresses:"
+   "Start network, and servers on each host."
-   for host in hosts: print host.name, host.IP()
+   connectToRootNS( network, network.switches[ 0 ] )
-   print
+   for host in network.hosts: host.cmdPrint( server )
-   print "*** Starting Mininet CLI - type 'exit' or ^D to exit"
-   network.runTest( Cli )
-   network.stop()
-   removeRoutes( root, routes )
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    init()
-   network = TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=2, kernel=True )
+   network = TreeNet( depth=1, fanout=4, kernel=True )
-   sshd( network )
+   startServers( network, '/usr/sbin/sshd' )
+   print
+   print "*** Hosts are running sshd at the following addresses:"
+   print
+   for host in network.hosts: print host.name, host.IP()
+   print
+   print "*** Press return to shut down network: ",
+   readline()
+   network.stop()

examples/treenet1024.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+"""
+Create a 1024-host network, and run the CLI on it.
+If this fails because of kernel limits, you may have
+to adjust them, e.g. by adding entries to /etc/sysctl.conf
+and running sysctl -p.
+"""
+   
+from mininet import init, TreeNet
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+   init()
+   network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=32, kernel=True )
+   network.run( Cli )

examples/xterms.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
 
 """
-Create a network and run an xterm (connected via screen(1) ) on each host.
+Create a network and run an xterm (connected via screen(1) ) on each
-Requires xterm(1) and GNU screen(1).
+host. Requires xterm(1) and GNU screen(1).
 """
 
-import os
+import os, re
 from subprocess import Popen
 from mininet import init, TreeNet, Cli, quietRun
 
@@ -13,18 +13,19 @@ def makeXterm( node, title ):
    "Run screen on a node, and hook up an xterm."
    node.cmdPrint( 'screen -dmS ' + node.name )
    title += ': ' + node.name
-   if not node.inNamespace:
+   if not node.inNamespace: title += ' (root)'
-      title += ' (root namespace)'
    cmd = [ 'xterm', '-title', title ]
    cmd += [ '-e', 'screen', '-D', '-RR', '-S', node.name ]
    return Popen( cmd )
 
 def cleanUpScreens():
    "Remove moldy old screen sessions."      
-   # XXX We need to implement this - otherwise those darned
+   r = r'(\d+.[hsc]\d+)'
-   # screen sessions will just accumulate
+   output = quietRun( 'screen -ls' ).split( '\n' )
-   output = quietRun( 'screen -ls' )
+   for line in output:
-   pass
+      m = re.search( r, line )
+      if m is not None:
+         quietRun( 'screen -S ' + m.group( 1 ) + ' -X kill' )
    
 def makeXterms( nodes, title ):
    terms = []
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ def makeXterms( nodes, title ):
    return terms
 
 def xterms( controllers, switches, hosts ):
+   cleanUpScreens()
    terms = []
    terms += makeXterms( controllers, 'controller' )
    terms += makeXterms( switches, 'switch' )
@@ -41,11 +43,10 @@ def xterms( controllers, switches, hosts ):
    # Wait for xterms to exit
    for term in terms: 
       os.waitpid( term.pid, 0 )
+   cleanUpScreens()
    
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    init()
    print "Running xterms on", os.environ[ 'DISPLAY' ]
-   cleanUpScreens()
    network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=2, kernel=True )
    network.run( xterms )
-   cleanUpScreens()

mininet.py

@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ Each host has:
 Hosts have a network interface which is configured via ifconfig/ip
 link/etc. with data network IP addresses (e.g. 192.168.123.2 )
 
-This version supports both the kernel or user space datapaths
+This version supports both the kernel and user space datapaths
 from the OpenFlow reference implementation.
 
 In kernel datapath mode, the controller and switches are simply
 processes in the root namespace.
 
-Kernel OpenFlow datapaths are instantiated using dpctl(8), and are attached
+Kernel OpenFlow datapaths are instantiated using dpctl(8), and are
-to the one side of a veth pair; the other side resides in the host
+attached to the one side of a veth pair; the other side resides in the
-namespace. In this mode, switch processes can simply connect to the
+host namespace. In this mode, switch processes can simply connect to the
 controller via the loopback interface.
 
 In user datapath mode, the controller and switches are full-service
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ interfaces and IP addresses on a control network (e.g. 10.0.123.1,
 currently routed although it could be bridged.)
 
 In addition to a management interface, user mode switches also have
-several switch interfaces, halves of veth pairs whose other halves reside
+several switch interfaces, halves of veth pairs whose other halves
-in the host nodes that the switches are connected to.
+reside in the host nodes that the switches are connected to.
 
 Naming:
    Host nodes are named h1-hN
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ rlantz@cs.stanford.edu
 
 History:
 11/19/09 Initial revision (user datapath only)
+11/19/09 Mininet demo at OpenFlow SWAI meeting
 12/08/09 Kernel datapath support complete
 12/09/09 Moved controller and switch routines into classes
 12/12/09 Added subdivided network driver workflow
@@ -788,24 +789,21 @@ def fixLimits():
 
 def init():
    "Initialize Mininet."
+   if os.getuid() != 0: 
       # Note: this script must be run as root 
       # Perhaps we should do so automatically!
-   if os.getuid() != 0: 
       print "*** Mininet must run as root."; exit( 1 )
    fixLimits()
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    init()
    results = {}
-   exit( 1 )
+   print "*** Welcome to Mininet!"
+   print "*** Look in examples/ for more examples\n"
    print "*** Testing Mininet with kernel and user datapath"
    for datapath in [ 'kernel', 'user' ]:
       k = datapath == 'kernel'
-      # results += [ TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=2, kernel=k ).
+      network = TreeNet( depth=2, fanout=4, kernel=k)
-      #   run( pingTestVerbose ) ]
+      result = network.run( pingTestVerbose )
-      results[ datapath ] = []
+      results[ datapath ] = result
-      for switchCount in range( 1, 4 ):
-         results[ datapath ]  += [ ( switchCount,
-            LinearNet( switchCount, k).run( iperfTest ) ) ]
-      # GridNet( 2, 2 ).run( Cli )
    print "*** Test results:", results